Difference between revisions of "Chiropteridium galea"

Revision as of 15:39, 4 December 2016

galea (Maier, 1959, p.306, pl.29, fig.4; text-fig.2) Sarjeant, 1983, p.108.  Emendation: Sarjeant, 1983, p.110, as Chiropteridium galea.  Holotype: Maier, 1959, pl.29, fig.4; Eisenack and Kjellström, 1975b, p.88a; Fensome et al., 1995, fig.1 - p.1495.  Originally Galea (generic name illegitimate), subsequently Baltisphaeridium (Appendix A), thirdly Areoligera, fourthly Areoligera?, fifthly (and now) Chiropteridium.  Taxonomic junior synonyms: Chiropteridium dispersum, Galea (subsequently Baltisphaeridium) mespilana and Galea (subsequently Baltisphaeridium) levis, all according to Sarjeant (1983, p.108-109); Membranophoridium multispinatum, by implication in Brosius (1963, p.48) and Gocht (1969, p.63), who considered Membranophoridium multispinatum to be a taxonomic junior synonym of Galea (as Chiropteridium) dispersa, which is now a taxonomic junior synonym of Galea (now Chiropteridium) galea; Membranophoridium (subsequently Chiropteridium) partispinatum, by implication in Matsuoka and Bujak (1988, p.40), who considered Membranophoridium partispinatum to be a taxonomic junior synonym of Galea (as Chiropteridium) mespilana, which is now a taxonomic junior synonym of Galea (now Chiropteridium) galea.  Fensome et al. (1990, p.622) stated: "The following observations can be made: Article 68.1 [effectively equivalent to Article 55.1 in the I.C.N.] of the I.C.B.N. implies that a specific epithet is to be considered valid at the date of its original proposal provided all requirements for valid publication are met, except that the generic name is illegitimate; apart from the fact that the generic name Galea is an illegitimate homonym, Maier (1959) fulfilled all requirements for the equivalent of valid publication under the I.C.Z.N.; and the I.C.B.N. accepts all names thus published under alternate recognized codes from the dates of their valid publication (or equivalent), if these names are transferred into the jurisdiction of the I.C.B.N.  Thus Baltisphaeridium (now Chiropteridium) galea (Maier, 1959) Sarjeant, 1964a can be considered to be a validly published botanical name, with priority of the specific epithet dating back to 1959.  In considering Galea (as Chiropteridium) galea Maier, 1959, Galea (al. Baltisphaeridium) levis Maier, 1959 and Galea (al. Baltisphaeridium) mespilanum Maier, 1959 to be synonymous, Sarjeant (1983, p.108-109) chose Galea (as Chiropteridium) galea to be the senior name; as the first synonymizing author, his choice of epithet has priority.  Lentin and Williams (1989, p.59) considered Galea (as Chiropteridium) mespilana to be the senior name." N.I.A.  Age: Oligocene.