Subfamily Gonyaulacoideae

Subfamily Gonyaulacoideae

Citation: Gonyaulacoideae (Autonym). Diagnosis:Gonyaulacaceans with an S-type ventral organization, typically neutral torsion and three or four climactal plates excluding small dorsal anterior intercalary plates (so-called "incidental plates"), where present. Of these climactal plates, the first apical homologue (*1\') is reduced or absent. There are six Kofoid precingular plates. Type genus: Gonyaulax ERROR bib459.htm for Diesing, 1866. Extant genera: Acanthogonyaulax ( ERROR bib1091.htm for Kofoid, 1911) ERROR bib755.htm for Graham, 1942. Amylax ERROR bib1358.htm for Meunier, 1910. Gonyaulax ERROR bib459.htm for Diesing, 1866. (=Roulea ERROR bib754.htm for Gourret, 1883; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1718.htm for Schiller, 1935b, p.275) (=Steiniella ERROR bib1752.htm for Schütt, 1895; taxonomic junior synonym by general consensus) Spiraulax ERROR bib1092.htm for Kofoid, 1911b. (=Spiraulaxina ERROR bib1202.htm for Loeblich III, 1970; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1881.htm for Taylor, 1976a, p.111) Fossil genera: Achomosphaera ERROR bib624.htm for Evitt, 1963; Late Cretaceous. Ataxiodinium ERROR bib1591.htm for Reid, 1974; Holocene. ?Avellodinium ERROR bib526.htm for Duxbury, 1977; Cretaceous (Berriasian-Barremian). Bitectatodinium ERROR bib2053.htm for Wilson, 1973; Mid Pleistocene. (=Caledonidinium ERROR bib1591.htm for Reid, 1974; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib820.htm for Harland, 1977b, p.93) ?Cannosphaeropsis ERROR bib1998.htm for O. Wetzel, 1933b; Cretaceous (Senonian). ?Catastomocystis ERROR bib1767.htm for C. Singh, 1983; Cretaceous (Cenomanian). Chaenosphaerula ERROR bib344.htm for Damassa, 1997; Late Oligocene. Corrudinium ERROR bib1835.htm for Stover and Evitt, 1978; Oligocene. Dalella ERROR bib1343.htm for McMinn and Sun Xuekun, 1994; Holocene. Daveya ERROR bib1382.htm for Monteil, 1996; Cretaceous (Ryazanian). ?Ectosphaeropsis ERROR bib1233.htm for Londeix and Jan du Chêne, 1988; Miocene (Burdigalean). Edwardsiella Versteegh and Zevenboom in ERROR bib1942.htm for Versteegh, 1995; Oligocene-Pliocene (Chattian-Piacenzian). Evittosphaerula ERROR bib1257.htm for Manum, 1979; Mid Oligocene-Early Miocene. Exiguisphaera ERROR bib527.htm for Duxbury, 1979a; Cretaceous (Hauterivian). Flandrecysta ERROR bib1774.htm for Slimani, 1994; Cretaceous (Campanian-Maastrichtian). Hafniasphaera ERROR bib798.htm for Hansen, 1977; Paleocene (Danian). (=Rivernookia ERROR bib309.htm for Cookson and Eisenack, 1982; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1174.htm for Lentin and Williams, 1985, p.311) Hystrichosphaeropsis ERROR bib388.htm for Deflandre, 1935; Cretaceous (Senonian). ?Hystrichostrogylon ERROR bib9.htm for Agelopoulos, 1964; Late Eocene. Impagidinium ERROR bib1835.htm for Stover and Evitt, 1978; Late Eocene. Nematosphaeropsis ERROR bib421.htm for Deflandre and Cookson, 1955; Holocene. (=Coccopterum ERROR bib1762.htm for Silva, 1970; taxonomic junior synonym - type is now inNematosphaeropsis ) (=Pterococcus ERROR bib1227.htm for Lohmann, 1904; homonym -Coccopterum is substitute) ?Okerisphaeridium ERROR bib1125.htm for Kunz, 1990; Jurassic (Oxfordian) Pentadinium ERROR bib716.htm for Gerlach, 1961; Mid Oligocene-Mid Miocene. (=Planinosphaeridium ERROR bib585.htm for Eisenack, 1965b; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1835.htm for Stover and Evitt, 1978, p.179-180) (=Toenisbergia ERROR bib101.htm for Benedek et al., 1982; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1174.htm for Lentin and Williams, 1985, p.356) Piccoladinium Versteegh and Zevenboom in ERROR bib1942.htm for Versteegh, 1995; Oligocene-Pliocene (Chattian-Piacenzian). Prionodinium ERROR bib1143.htm for Leffingwell and Morgan, 1977; Cretaceous (Neocomian). Psaligonyaulax ERROR bib1657.htm for Sarjeant, 1966b; Cretaceous (Cenomanian). Pterodinium ERROR bib574.htm for Eisenack, 1958a; Cretaceous (Aptian). Rottnestia ERROR bib295.htm for Cookson and Eisenack, 1961b; Early Oligocene. Seriliodinium ERROR bib534.htm for Eaton, 1996; Pliocene-Pleistocene. Spiniferites ERROR bib1253.htm for Mantell, 1850; Late Cretaceous. (=Hystrichokibotium ERROR bib1078.htm for Klumpp, 1953; taxonomic junior synonym implied in ERROR bib727.htm for Gocht, 1969, p.32) (=Hystrichosphaera ERROR bib1998.htm for O. Wetzel, 1933b; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1664.htm for Sarjeant, 1970, p.75) Tectatodinium ERROR bib1968.htm for Wall, 1967; Miocene-Holocene. Trabeculidium ERROR bib529.htm for Duxbury, 1980; Cretaceous (Barremian). ?Triblastula ERROR bib1998.htm for O. Wetzel, 1933b; Late Cretaceous. Tubotuberella ERROR bib1961.htm for Vozzhennikova, 1967; Late Jurassic. (=Dimidiadinium ERROR bib159.htm for Brideaux, 1977; taxonomic junior synonym - see ERROR bib1176.htm for Lentin and Williams, 1989, p.106 (=Glabridinium ERROR bib159.htm for Brideaux, 1977; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1678.htm for Sarjeant, 1982b, p.41) Turnhosphaera ERROR bib1774.htm for Slimani, 1994; Cretaceous (Santonian). Unipontidinium ERROR bib2077.htm for Wrenn, 1988; Mid Miocene. Wilsonisphaera ERROR bib1774.htm for Slimani, 1994; Cretaceous (Senonian). (=Glaphyrosphaera ERROR bib1729.htm for Schiøler and Wilson, 1994; taxonomic junior synonym according to ERROR bib1730.htm for Schiøler and Wilson, 1995, p.511) Wrevittia ERROR bib881.htm for Helenes and Lucas-Clark, 1997; Cretaceous (Neocomian-Aptian). Other names: (Imperfectodinium Zevenboom and Santarelli in ERROR bib2100.htm for Zevenboom, 1995; name not validly published)

Parent: Family Gonyaulacaceae